BERWIND - An African American View
by John A. Burnett, Jr.


                                                       

 

 



I was born in Berwind on January 27, 1943 and was the second son of John
A. Burnett Sr. whose nickname was "Bucket," and Geneva Ellis Burnett.  I
was one of many babies delivered at home by Dr. Emory E. Lovas.  My
brother James (Jimmy), 2 years older than me, was also delivered by Dr. Lovas.  
 My sister Claudean, 10 years younger than me, was also born. at home, in Berwind,

and was delivered by Dr. Gliseman.  My father was a coal miner and my
grandfathers also.  My mother's father Hovah Ellis was killed in a
mining accident in the Berwind mine in 1940.  My paternal great
grandfather was also a coal miner in Berwind and my maternal great
grandfather worked at the company store and was a refrigerator repairman
there.

Being of African American descent, my brother and I attended Kerr Grade
School on the road between Berwind and Canebrake just above the tipple,
the dam, and the bridge to the tipple.  To the left of the school was a
Black Pentecostal church named "Mount Nebo."  There was a power station
directly across the road from the school at the base of the mountain.
One of the very active members of Mount Nebo Church was Mrs. Evie
Jones.  In the services there, she used to beat a large drum.  Piano and
tambourines were also played in the services.  One Christmas I wanted a
drum set which my parents bought.  I beat the drum like Mrs. Evie Jones
did, and it did not take long to beat holes in both sides of the drum
and the snare drum.  I think my parents were grateful when the noise of
the drum had finally stopped and they could throw it away.

I remember the excitement of going to school for the first time!  My
brother had described to me in great detail, the class room, the cloak
room where coats, hats, boots and rain gear were stored, the bus ride to
school, the black boards, and even waste baskets.

Kerr Grade School had only 4 classrooms and 4 teachers.  There was a
principal's office and a kitchen.  Two of the school's teachers were my
great aunts.  Mr. William H. Law was the principal and he taught math to
upper grade students.  He also paddled students who misbehaved, but all
4 teachers had paddles and did not hesitate to use them.

My 1st and 2nd grade teacher was Mrs. Vivian Faucett Hall.  She was a
very patient and loving teacher and was the wife of Rev. Hall who was
pastor of the "Rose of Sharon Baptist Church" in Old Town Berwind.  My
great aunt Rubye Austin who was my grandmother's sister, taught 3rd and
4th grades.  She lived in Excelsior and rode the school bus to teach in
Berwind.  My great aunt Amanda Divens who was my grandfather's sister,
taught 5th and 6th grades.  She lived in Berwind and eventually moved to
a house next to the school.  Mr. Law taught 7th grade and he lived in
War and also rode the school bus to Berwind.  For assembly of all
students, folding doors between Aunt Amanda's classroom and Aunt Rubye's
classroom were opened to form one single large room.

Black students were bused to Kerr Grade from Berwind, Canebrake,
Hartwell, Faraday, and Amonate.  The school served grades 1st through
7th.  8th through 12th grade students were bused to Excelsior High
School just below War about 9 miles from Berwind.

When I first started to school at Kerr Grade, the toilets were outhouses
located in the school yard,
one for girls on one side and one for boys on the other side of the
school.  During the time I was in the 5th or 6th grade, inside toilet
facilities were built at the front of the school with flushing toilets,
urinals and sinks, and an up to date kitchen was added to the back of
the building.  When the creek would rise, overflowing its banks, the
furnace room would be flooded and no heat could be provided for the
classrooms.  The flood water had to be pumped out after the creek
receded.

The only playground equipment was a set of swings.  The boys would skip
rocks across the creek at the back of the building, although the creek
bank was off limits and you were in big trouble if Mr. Law caught you
back there.  He had a way of looking at you out of the corner of his eye
and when he did that, you knew you were doing something which displeased
him greatly!

We had a lot of fun shooting marbles and would play a game called
"Rollie Hole" in which a series of holes of about 2" circumference and
2" deep were made in the ground and were spaced several feet apart.
Marbles were shot from a starting line and then from one hole to the
next.

The marble was cupped on the inside of your curved forefinger between
the first and second joint, then by placing your thumb just behind the
marble and  quickly flipping the marble forward on the flat ground it
was propelled in a forward direction.

We also would draw a large circle on the ground and each person would
place a number of marbles in the center of the circle.  Any marble that
you were able to shoot out of the circle, after shooting from the outer
edge of the circle, was yours to keep.  When you missed shooting a
marble out of the circle or your shooting marble rolled out it was the
next person's turn.

One of the prized objects to shoot at other marbles with, was a simple
ball bearing the same size as a marble and sometimes slightly smaller.
It was called a "steelie" and was made of steel.
Eddie Coleman was the absolute best at marble games and won the most
marbles of anyone.

We also would play ball using a stick, which was often found on the
creek bank, for a bat.  The ball was often paper formed into a ball and
wrapped with black miner's tape.  We did not realize how little we had,
but improvised ways of having fun during recess at school, and when we
were at home.  Those were times we will always remember.

Some of my fondest childhood memories were attending Vacation Bible
School at the Baptist Church, the Easter egg hunt around the Scout
House, sleigh riding down the hill near our house,  going to toy land
upstairs in the company store at Christmas time, and going fishing.

In 1955 when I was 12 years old and would have attended Excelsior High
that year, my family moved to Indianapolis Indiana where 2 of my
father's sisters lived.  The city life was a big adjustment from the
small coal mining town of Berwind where I was raised.  I had to fight
and beat two different guys in the neighborhood in Indianapolis, and one
of them was nicknamed "Killer."  It was either fight or get chased home
from school everyday.  When you are new on the block, everyone wants to
fight you, and the other kids loved to see a fight.

 

Spelling Bee Contestants  

In front of Kerr Grade School, late Spring of 1955
Photo contributed by:  Mae Frances Barton Moore

 left to right - Front Row:  Sarah Foster - Maxine Burrell - David Faucett, Jr. - Wilma Johnson - Nona Street

Back Row:  Marquis Smith - Kay Frances Bradford - Willie Frank Foster - Flossie Brown - George Berger - Juanita Waller

 

 

VACATION BIBLE SCHOOL

Children on the steps of the ROSE OF SHARON BAPTIST CHURCH
in 1954
Photo contributed by:  Mae Frances Barton Moore

 The following are believed to be -  left to right:  Row 5 - #11 Roberta Cook - #13 Jerry Robinson

Row 4 - #2 Andrea Hairston - #9 Juanita Waller    Row 3 - #7 Alice Smith

 

 

DO YOU REMEMBER THESE FOLKS

 


 

 

 

 

   Luther Warden
  Photo:  1939  by Allen Burnett


                                                                                  Elsie Jackson                   
        
Note the sign in background - Dunlap or Dunlab Field - 1939
               
   Photo by Geneva Ellis - 1939  

   
               Slim Hopson

Photo taken in 1939 - in left field of the Baseball Diamond - looking toward the Grandstand
Photographer:  Allen Burnett

 

Allen Burnett - Cordelia Jones - Benny Jackson

Photographed by Geneva Ellis Burnett in 1939

Dry Forks Creek (lower background)

 

DO YOU REMEMBER THESE UNUSUAL NAMES ?

Bucket - Shanty Marie - Fats Bradford

Butch - Cockeyed Liz - Fats Brown

Scared - Box Man - Biddy

Stove-Eye - Box Car - Bunk

Stove Eye's Lillie - Tricky Sam - Tat

Mellow Man - Knocky Night -  Hooks

Curly Head Willie - Mammy - Contractor

Boomer  Coleman - Pokey - Mr. Kid

Boomer Griffin - Skinny - Sloppy

Paugie - Miss Sweet Child - Jim Tamper-long

Tootie - Ella Sweet Child - Pinky

Baby Brother - Toodlum - Cob Pipe

Shug - Pompei - Pin-um-down

June Bug - Turkey Red - Fat Man

Peter Bug - Strawberry Blond - Fat Man's Daughter

Baby Jim - Boo Boo - Pearly

Foots - Papa Leggs - Hammer

Stiff Neck Daisie -Mama Leggs - Bug

CokeRow Daisie - Snook Ellis - Yellow

Red - Snook Moore - Peg Leg

Pie - Cat - Kitty - Raybone

Brownie - Tenderfoot Slim - Jack

 

 

 

Hunting Squirrels and Leaving Home

       A Story for Father's Day

      by Douglas Clyde Divens

 Dad thought it was important that he teach me something before I grew up and left home. He was determined to teach me to mine coal or at least to hunt squirrels.  

 

 

Douglas Clyde Divens grew up in Berwind
West Virginia. After teaching in McKenzie, Tennessee, and West Virginia, Mr. Divens
moved to California in 1956 to continue his profession as an educator and writer. Currently,
he is working on two short stories he expects to publish this year.

 

Some years ago in the coalfields of McDowell County, West Virginia, my father tried to teach me to hunt squirrels. It seemed important to him, for whatever reason, so I made a great effort. That is to say, I did my best. Dad was undoubtedly the finest squirrel hunter I've known, but not a very good teacher of squirrel hunters. On the other hand, to do him justice, he did not have a very good pupil in me. I was quick and alert to things of the forest, but not to their significance. I romanticized hunting, the forest, and all that went with it. I was the idealist. My father took a more serious involvement. He was a realist. 

The rules were quite clear. "Pick out a hickory, beech, or oak tree and sit. Make no movement whatever, just sit, wait, look, and always listen. The squirrels will come." As a small boy, I remember falling asleep once while hunting with my dad and waking up to see squirrels on the ground all around us. They were everywhere, running across his lay and over his legs. He never moved an inch. He wanted me to see. I thought it amazing that he got off three shots. He was pleased that I had the lesson, but disappointed that he had only gotten off three shots. We picked up the three squirrels and went home.

 Dad thought it was important that he teach me something before. I grew and left home. He was determined to teach me to mine coal or a least to hunt squirrels. As I grew older, it was evident that I would not do well at either of these vocations. However, during the summer just before going off to college I made my best effort in mining coal and hunting squirrels. At first, Dad was not keen about my going to college, but he took me into the mines to earn money for that first year at West Virginia State. 

As that long, hot summer wore on, I focused more on college. Dad gave his attention to the coming hunting season. On paydays, when I had the money, I bought things for school: a footlocker, a suit, trousers, shirts, underclothes, socks, and shoes. Dad bought boxes of Remington Nitro Express shotgun shells, a. hunting coat, and boots. When we talked, however, I told him more about college and about what I would be doing. He listened and softened a bit. Realizing just how determined I was about school, he had gotten me a job working with him on the night shift in Number One mine. It was hard work and very dangerous. Most of Dad's time was spent watching me. Dad had worked all of his life in the mines or on the farm. He wasn't dead set against college, nor was he against my leaving home. He was just a bit apprehensive. Some college folks he trusted; others he did not. He had a particular dislike for scriptwriters and bookkeepers, especially those who worked for the coal company. He liked the teachers, especially Mr. Carroll and Miss Washington. He did remind me that Claude Honaker's boy had gone to college for two years and still said "haint't." We both had to admit, however, that Claude's boy was a good miner, and he could hunt squirrels. But "anyone who had gone to college for two years knows perfectly well the word is 'ain't' and not 'hain't'." That's the way Dad figured it.

 In the weeks that followed, I got myself together and went off to State College. Dad bought me a new 20-gauge Savage just a few days before I left. Was the gun a going ­away present, something to entice me to stay home, or was it for my birthday in September? Only time would eventually assure my thoughts on that matter.

 As it was, Dad became reconciled to the college idea and accepted my leaving. Maybe I could learn something just as important as what I could learn at home. I think he came to that conclusion during those last few days we worked together in the mines.

 By the time Thanksgiving holidays rolled around, I had been away from home two months and two weeks. I now had four days at home to visit, relax, and eat all I could hold. I took the opportunity to go squirrel hunting and, at the same time, try the new 20­ gauge that I had left behind in September. On Friday after Thanksgiving, when I should have been reading some assignments for Monday morning, I took a thermos of soup and my shotgun and headed for the hills. Dad had left long before I was out of bed. I had no idea where he was.

 I climbed high above Berwind and after awhile the rise of coal smoke from chimneys gave the only indication that a mining community rested a few hundred yards below. The season was late autumn, but the leaves had not all left the trees. The colors in the hills, the odor of the forest and the noise of woodland creatures delighted me. My surroundings were familiar. I had been here before. 

I picked out an area thick with hickory, oak, beech, and black gum. A fallen beech, more than a hundred feet long, offered a place to recline. In the shelter of new growth issuing from that decaying giant, I made myself comfortable and waited for squirrels.

 Hunting squirrels can be one of the most relaxing kind of outdoor activity. As Dad has said, "All you have to do is wait and listen." You can even sleep if you like. College had taught me to be patient. After all, it would be at least four years before that chapter in my life was completed. I was prepared to wait for squirrels.

 From my thermos I poured a cup of tomato soup. The aroma attracted every kind of pest, the least of these being ground squirrels. I was tempted to shoot one. After all, I had not shot this new gun. However, before I could make up my mind to do so I was assailed with another fury. Ants by the hundred were attacking my legs. After that, there were gnats, bees, flies, mosquitoes, and other bugs, I lit my pipe, a habit I had picked up to impress college mends. Since it had rained the night before and everything was still damp, lighting a match was not easy. When I did succeed, my pipe would not stay lit. I spent much time knocking the ashes out of the bowl and lighting up over and over.

 Eventually, I made peace with my surroundings and settled in for a long, silent wait. As the brief November day drew to a slow twilight, I felt secure in myself as a hunter, as a student, and as a man. I was doing it right. I relaxed. Squirrels chattered. They started to appear. I never moved. They came with range, but I never moved. Squirrels came down the trees and ran on the ground before me. They ran over my lap and across my legs. I could have touched one. I never shot my gun. They appeared and reappeared for such a long time. There were gray squirrels, large ones and small ones, and even a few red squirrels. They ran up the trees and out of sight. Occasionally, one would run back down to check me out. Finally they all disappeared. I never shot my gun. I never intended to.

 Evening was fast approaching. I would have to leave to get home before dark. Nightfall can descend so very fast in the hills during the fall of the year. Within minutes the whole country would be wrapped in obscurity. I tapped the ashes from my pipe and poured the remainder of the soup from my thermos. As I ejected the shells from my gun, a strange feeling came over me that I was not alone. Getting up from the log, I started to retrieve my shells from the ground before me and, on doing so, turned as if by instinct toward the end of that fallen tree on which I had been sitting for hours. Just beyond the thick cover of brush and leaves so rich in the colors of late autumn sat a hunter, the best I've ever known. Apparently, he had taken station earlier in the day and had been sitting there when I came up.

 Dad got up and walked toward me. The expression on his face was strange, but satisfying in a peculiar sort of way. Underneath, a smile could be made out. As he stooped to pick up six Remington Nitro Express six-shot shells ejected from his own gun, he spoke without looking in my direction. "Boy, you must be doing pretty good in college. You've learned to sit and listen." Dropping the smile and taking on a more serious manner, he looked at me for a moment. "Hain't that what I've been trying to teach you all along?" Realizing that he already had his answer, he turned and headed down the hill to a village under the rising smoke from cook stoves where women cooked for men who, among other things, hunted squirrels, dug coal, and some of whom still said "hain't" instead of "ain't."

 

  Clyde contributed his story, for this site, in the spring of 2004

 

 


left to right
Frederick Hairston - Lawrence (Butch) Hairston - Clyde Divens

Photographer Unknown - taken about 1940

In the background is the Rose Of Sharon Baptist Church and it's outhouse

At the left is Faucett's house and between Frederick and Lawrence is the building which became Mr. Wither's shop/store, which the Toney family later moved their store to.  At the far rear are the mountains between which Sawmill Hollow was situated, where the Pruit family lived.